International human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International human resource management - Essay Example At the same time the HRM should be flexible enough such that the differences in the HRM policies and practices can accommodate the different cultural and business settings (Sims, 2007). Marginson and Sisson (1994) have argued that industrial relations are deep rooted in the national system, which obstructs the penetration of transnational practices by Multi National Enterprises (MNEs). The increased pressure of globalization has made the MNEs to standardize their HRM procedures internationally such that the internal consistency is maintained and ‘best practices’ are percolated to the subsidiaries. This has raised the question of whether the standardized approach for labor relation framed by the MNEs actually caters to the type of employment. In this context the case study has examined the various workforce characteristics of McDonald’s operating in United Kingdom (UK) and Germany. An in detailed analysis about their appraisal, recruitment and characteristics of wo rkforce has been studied. McDonald’s Corporation is one of the most renowned companies in the world. It is the fast food chain, symbolized by a golden arch and has spread its business all over the world. It is recognized as a foremost franchising company, with 80% of its restaurant operating and owned by the franchisees (McDonald's, 2013; Briscoe, Schuler and Tarique, 2012). Interbrand has positioned McDonald’s at the seventh place among the top 100 brands in the world. McDonald’s is operating in different countries, which signifies that it has to adopt its product and services in such a way that it matches not only the cultural, political and economical factors of the country but also the HR practices adapted by them. The HR professional at McDonald’s, before opening their operation in any country conduct an extensive research in order to understand and determine the ways in which the HR activities may be adjusted (Aswathappa and Dash, 2007). As pointed by Love (1995) McDonald’s is well known across the globe for its standardized level of image and product. McDonald’s tends to impose the practices followed in the home country in relation to the trade unions, employee participation and control over the operations of the franchisee. In this context two aspects are studied to analyze the extent to which the standardized approach of labor relation designed by McDonald’s caters to the type of people employed and accommodation of different type of workers by McDonald’s, available in the different labor markets. Recruitment and Appraisal Studies suggest that the business organizations in Germany have a lower level of staffing as compared to the organization in UK. The reason was that the restaurant in Germany has more number of full time workers as compared to that of UK. This was due to the introduction of the German collective agreement that was introduced in the year 1989 for the employees of McDonaldâ€℠¢s. Recruitment for McDonald’s was done through the process of application. Then the applicants had to undergo lie detection process. But it was abolished after there were changes in the labor laws of US. McDonald’s was also in headlines due to the charges bought by a investigative journalist that if during the interview process the interviewing manager finds that the applicant has any

Core Competencies Essay Example for Free

Core Competencies Essay A business or product which generates a sturdy, dependable flow of cash. Dog- a product with low market share in a slow growing market and thus neither generates more consumes large amounts of cash. Star- products that are in high growth markets with a relatively high share of that market. They tend to generate high amounts of income. Question Mark- growing rapidly and thus consumes large amounts of cash but because they have low markets shares they do not generate much cash 2. What are core competences? Core competences are critical capabilities to a business achieving competitive advantage. The starting point for analysing core competences is recognising that competition between businesses is as much a race for competence mastery as it is for market position and market power. Senior management cannot focus on all activities of a business and the competencies required to undertake them. So the goal is for management to focus attention on competencies that really affect competitive advantage. 4 Potential sources of core competences * Distribution * Marketing * Management * Manufacturing 4 criteria used to evaluate core competences * Valuable * Rare * Costly to imitate * Non substitutable 3. What should an audit of resources include? The resources available to a business whether it be owned or obtained through partnerships, joint ventures or simply suppliers arrangement with other businesses. The assessment of the strength and weakness of an organisation in conjunction with an assessment of opportunities and threats. It should have the key success factors for the markets and industries in question and the comparable strengths and weaknesses of competitors for the same customers. 4. What are the strategic options for competing in a Mature Industry? Prune marginal products and models * Emphasize innovation in the value chain Strong focus on cost reduction * Increase sales to present customers * Purchase rivals at bargain prices * Expand internationally * Build new, more flexible competitive capabilities 5. Define the Value System The Value System is the set of interdependent situations within a business which both directly or indirectly adds value to the customer and ultimately generates a net cash inflow. This also provides a key link between competitive strategy and shareholder value. Even though the value system bears some resemblance to Porter’s value chain, the latter is perhaps less flexible and less easily tailored to the variety of the modern business.

Essay --

No matter how fast you can finish or read a book, how fast can you read it with a given time? Think about this, each person has a different speed at how fast they can read out loud or speak and how their brain processes it, but how will the rate they read at change once they’re given a short amount, such as one minute to read an excerpt. Most importantly is how accurate will their reading be. The Brain and Its Function The brain is a complex system that houses the controls to your body ranging from your reaction, emotion, speech or language, development, memory, body functions, and much more. It’s created of a jelly like fat and protein weighing in about three pounds. It’s the body’s biggest organ and consists of over one hundred billion nerves that not only put together thoughts and highly coordinated physical actions, but regulate our unconscious body processes, such as digestion and breathing (http://science.nationalgeographic.com). The largest part of the brain is called the cerebrum, which accounts for eighty-five percent or the organ’s weight, the distinctive outer surface of the brain is the cerebral cortex. The cerebrum is split into two halves, or hemispheres, and it is further divided into four regions, or lobes, in each hemisphere (http://science.nationalgeographic.com). The cerebrum frontal lobe, located behind the forehead, is responsible for speech, thought , learning, emotion, and movement; behind the frontal lobes there’s the parietal lobes that processes sensitive information such as temperature, touch, and pain; at the rear of the brain there’s the occipital lobes that deals with your vision, and then there’s the temporal lobes, near the temples, which control your hearing and memory (http://science.nationalgeog... ...’s aphasia there’s the Wernicke’s aphasia is when you ask a person a question and they respond with a sentence that is more or less grammatical, but contains words that have little to do with the questions or, for the matter, with each other. People with this type of aphasia have difficulty naming things, often then responding with words that sound similar, or names of related thing, it’s as if they are having an absolutely hard time with their mental â€Å"dictionaries.† (http://webspace.ship.edu). Language and Speech The way language works, then, is that each person’s brain contains a lexicon of words and the concepts they stand for (a mental dictionary) and a set of rules that combine the words that convey relationships among concepts (a mental grammar) (Pinker 85). Language uses grammar which is a discrete combinational system that has two important consequences

The Skeletal System Essay examples -- Basic Pathology

The skeletal system includes the osseous tissues of the body and the connective tissues that stabilize or interconnect the individual bones. The bone is a dynamic tissue. Throughout the lifespan, bone adjusts to the physiologic and mechanical demands placed on it by the processes of growth and remodeling. Bone serves the organism at multiple levels: As a system, bones permit the organism to locomote effectively and to maintain posture by bearing loads without deformation, by providing rigid attachment sites for muscles and acting as a system of levers to amplify small movements. As an organ, bones protect the viscera and house the hemopoietic tissue (red marrow). As a tissue, bones serve as a reservoir of readily mobilizable calcium, an ion vital for many metabolic processes including cell motility, excitability, secretion, phagocytosis, intermediary metabolism, respiration, and reproduction. Bones (or osseous material) serve a number of diverse purposes in the human anatomy. In addition to providing structure, leverage, protection, and support for the organs of the body, bones also house marrow, which produces blood cells. Within the bones are also stored the calcium deposits which the body may access, via resorption, when needed. Additionally, bones detoxify the system, by removing heavy metals, such as lead and arsenic, as well as other toxins, from the bloodstream. The skeletal system provides structural support for the entire body. Individual bones or groups of bones provide a framework for the attachment of soft tissue and organs. Delicate tissues and organs are often surrounded by skeletal elements. The ribs protect the heart and lungs, the skull encloses the brain, the vertebrae shield the spinal cord, and the pelvis ... ...& J.W. Heath, Wheater ¡Ã‚ ¦s functional Histology, 4th edition, Churchill-Livingstone, New York, 2000, pp. 175-192. Johnson, Michael D. Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues, Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco, 2001. Khosla, S., Kumar, V., Ramzi, S.C., Robbins, S.L. 1992. Basic Pathology, 5th edition. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. Manolagas, Starvros C. 2000. Birth and Death of Bone Cells: Basic Regulatory Mechanisms and Implications for the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Oteoporosis, Endocrine Reviews, 21(2): 115-137. Martin, B. 1993. Aging and strength of bone as a structural material, Calcified Tissue International, 53 (suppl.): S34-S40. Martini, Frederic. Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1989. Raisz, Lawrence G. 1999. Physiology and Pathophysiology of Bone Remodeling, Clinical Chemistry, 45:8(B): 1353-1358.

Ethics in Asia: a Study of Several Ethical Issues in Japan

Understanding Business Ethics in Asia: A Study of Several Ethical Issues in Japan, Indonesia and Mongolia Anggita Putri, Nasa Lkhagvasuren, Takashi Ushijima Brigham Young University International business ethics has been an issue researched and understood by companies, government entities, NGOs, and other institutions worldwide. Understanding business ethics becomes more important as entities understand the significance of cultural values in different countries.De George (1997) describes that as business is going global and cultural values are becoming more evident, it is â€Å"more urgent for agreement on common values that make world trade and commerce possible without any party feeling or being exploited†. This agreement on common values has been achieved on some scale and level; however, in many parts of the world, cultural values and circumstances usually still hold more weight in the decision process. This paper addresses several ethical values in three representative As ian countries: Japan, Indonesia, and Mongolia.The three countries are located in three different parts of Asia with difference in economy, social, and culture values. Therefore, each country has its own unique way of approaching and overcoming ethical issues. For each of the different issues, we will provide background information and history and then we will discuss and develop the issue. First, the paper will address Nabakari-Kanrishoku (Nominal Manager) which is an ethical issue in the workplace in Japan. Second, the paper will discuss gratification giving in local and national government which is a prevalent ethical issue in Indonesia.Last, the paper will talk about the development of ethical standards in Mongolia. The conclusion of the paper will summarize the importance of understanding cultural aspects while implementing ethical standards in different countries, and discuss a few ethical theories that will help frame the ethical issues discussed. Japan Background Information Since the birth of the idea of Capitalism, a conflict of interests has existed between employers and employees. In general, employers’ genuine best nterest is to maximize their profits; whereas, the employees’ interests are to receive wages out of the least work hours. However, without regulations, laws, or rules, historically, the conflict has tended to favor the employers. Therefore, working long hours has been one major ethical issue in workplaces all over the world, especially in capitalistic countries. Nabakari-Kanrishoku (nominal manager)-hereinafter referred to as NK- is a unique phenomenon in Japanese society which represents the working-long-hours ethical issue in Japan.Labor Standard Act (hereinafter referred to as LSA) prohibits that working hours exceed 40 hours per week unless (1) the agreement exists between the employer and the employee and approved by municipalities (Article 36) or (2) the employer pays overtime rate to the employee (Article 37). Ethica l Issues in Workplace in Japan: Nabakari-Kanrishoku (Nominal Manager) The dilemma exists between employers and employees under recession. Employers have to make sure their business runs appropriately and generates a sufficient amount of profits.In the case of a recession, employers/companies have to cut costs significantly because increase of revenue is rarely expected. In general, the large amount of expenditure is labor costs; therefore, cut labor costs, such as layoffs, increase the workload of each employee. However, the increase of workload often causes overtime work for each employee and the increase of overtime premium adversely affects the cut labor costs (Mizuno, 2012). Therefore, employers/companies have to face the dilemma of how extensive their cut labor costs will be while also dealing with the increase in employee workload and overtime work.Responding to such a dilemma, NK emerged in the Japanese business society as a loophole of LSA when Japan started experiencing rec ession in the 1990s. LSA states that management representatives are not subjected to the work-hour regulation ratified by LSA article 32, which stipulates 40working-hours per week as a legal ceiling of weekly working-hours (Article 41). Therefore, some employers/companies promote and consider managers as management representatives to avoid the weekly working-hours regulation in order to have them overwork without an overtime premium.Those management representatives are often not credited with any authorization or allowance for the position. The media sarcastically began to call these management representatives â€Å"Nabakari-Kanrishoku† (nominal managers). Unethical Consequences of Nabakari-Kanrishoku The major reason why NK is an ethical issue is that employers/companies tend to force NK to overwork. LSA is set up for balancing employer and employee interests to protect employees’ health and human rights. Then, the relationship between employers and employees tends to favor the employers side without LSA regulation because of its power balance.NK is not protected by the LSA weekly working-hour regulation, so they are highly likely to overwork. The research conducted by JILPT (Japan Institute for Labor Policy and Training) indicates that most managers (60. 2 percent of department chief and 53. 4 percent of department head) feel their workload cannot be accomplished within their given working-hours (40 hours per week) so overwork is unavoidable (Ogura, 2009). NK’s overwork often leads to two types of unethical consequences. One is that employers/companies do not pay an adequate amount of wages to employees who are NK and overworked.The other is that overworking NK’s damages their health and causes them to be non-workable. Both types of unethical consequences are exposed by the lawsuit of McDonald Japan in 2008. Mr. Hiroshi Takano, former store manager of the McDonald Kousaka Branch, overworked for 136 hours in a month at maximum and worked 63 days in a row (Yashiro, 2009). Even though he had worked many hours as a store manager, he did not receive a premium and his wages ended up on the same level as his subordinate’s wages, who received overtime premium every month (Yashiro, 2009).After being overworked, he was diagnosed with an asymptomatic cerebral infarction due to overwork and lack of sleep. Under such condition, employees cannot have a healthy, balanced life. The lack of healthy, balanced life then leads to negative impacts on their performance in the workplace; therefore, employers/companies must avoid utilizing NK as their labor cost cut strategy in ethical and business management terms. When working at a Japanese Bar, Murasaki, one employee was obviously an NK.He was expected to work and run the bar even if there were enough employees to operate. He always overworked and rarely took a day off. He ended up quitting his job when he fell sick due to overwork, and the bar experienced a tough situati on after he quit. Murasaki’s unethical management not only damaged one employee, but also its business administration. Indonesia Background Information Similar to any other developing country, corruption is a prevalent ethical issue in Indonesia. Corruption takes many forms and is practiced in all levels of government.Because Indonesia is a country with many islands with over 30 provinces, corruption is more common in some areas than in others. Srinivasan (2012) argued that there are two major categories of ethical issues: societal, that consists of widespread corruption and weak legal enforcement systems, and organizational, that consists â€Å"of creating corporate cultures within organizations that breeds ethical conduct†. Both of these categories have happened in government institutions throughout Indonesia.Some major changes that the Indonesian government has made are: replacing employees, especially government institution managers that are guilty of corruption, c hanging the internal system and procedures of the institution, and encouraging citizens to help institution managers and staff to avoid corruption. One form of corruption that is very common in Indonesia is called gratification. Gratification in Local and National Government in Indonesia After the democratic revolution in 1998, Indonesia faced several presidential changes.When the current president was elected, he formed a national committee of corruption eradication (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi or KPK) to eliminate corruption from all levels of government. Since it was formed, the committee has been able to identify and investigate corruption cases from top managers in the government. In 2010, the committee also did a survey to assess public sector integrity on a local and national level. The committee specifically focused on gratification cases using these indicators: the monetary value of gratification, as well as the time, the meaning , and the purpose of gratification giving.T he committee found that among 50 government institutions on both the national and local level that were surveyed, 24 of them have a lower integrity rate than the appointed standard integrity rate for the survey. Most institutions out of the 24 surveyed were at the local level. The giving of gratification happens when citizens pay extra fees to the institution’s staff other than the established fees to quicken and complete their documentation process or to obtain certain permits so that they don’t have to wait in line or to wait for a few days.The research also found that gratification often happens at the beginning of the documentation process. Gratification frequently occurs when obtaining citizenship cards and building permits. For example, if a certain company wants to obtain a building permit, a representative of the company would give extra money to one of the staffs that process the document to either make sure that building permit is ready within one day or to n ot disqualify the company if it misses some required papers.The committee also discovered that the working environment of institutions has an effect on whether citizens are likely to be involved in gratification giving. The committee argued that uncomfortable service environments and incomplete information cause citizens to be reluctant in processing their documents. This possibly creates external procedures by using a middle-man or giving gratification money to the institution’s staff. Overcoming the IssueDe George (1997) quoted these sentences from the Wall Street Journal: â€Å"In May 1996, the United States proposed that the â€Å"World Trade Organization (WTO) outlaw bribery on government projects. In reply, the Indonesian Trade and Industry Minister Tunky Ariwibowo said: â€Å"We do not have common standards on issues like corruption†¦ Any effort to relate them to trade will be detrimental to the functioning of the WTO in the future' (Wall Street Journal 6 May 1 996: A14)†. As a comment to that reply, an editorial writer from the Wall Street Journal wrote a column entitled â€Å"Is Corruption an Asian Virtue? Corruption is clearly not an Asian virtue. De George continued to say that â€Å"both the Wall Street Journal's question and the statement by the Indonesian Minister exemplify deep misunderstandings and differences between the two, and between the groups they represent†. It is clearly difficult to pinpoint what kind of ethical values should be the same for every country because there are different factors that contribute to the development of the economy and society of a country. In the research done by the national committee of corruption eradication, 56 percent of citizens believes that gratification is not acceptable.However, many of the citizens do not fully understand the meaning of gratification, the ethical consequences of the issue, and are not assertive enough in stopping the practice. Most citizens agree that gr atification is illegal and that it is something which needs to be eliminated in order to create a system that is fair and effective for every citizen. Therefore, trainings and campaigns are needed for both the government institutions and the citizens in order for each group to support the discontinuation of gratification giving. Mongolia Background Information Mongolia is a landlocked country with a population of three million people.Mongolia was under strong Russian and Soviet influence; therefore, Mongolian politics followed the same patterns as the Soviet politics of the time. After the breakdown of communist regimes in Eastern Europe in late 1989, Mongolia saw its own democratic revolution in early 1990, which led to a multi-party system, a new constitution in 1992, and a transition to market economy. The growth of the economy attracted more attention from foreign investors, whose interest in investing in the country has recently skyrocketed due to the discovery of rich minerals in MongoliaEthical dilemmas in the work field did not become a big issue until 1990.It was difficult for a lot of Mongolians to adapt to changes in the work field because people were used to being told what they should do at work. The Development of Ethical Standards in Mongolia As in any other country, gaining a deeper understanding of the Mongolian attitude towards business ethics depends to a large extent on knowledge of the local market condition and historical background. According to IMF, The Mongolian economy is growing rapidly from 9% to 14. 4%. With continuing economic progress and interest growth from foreign investors, business ethics are likely to increase in importance.Because some actions may be considered moral in one culture and viewed unethical in another, it is important to understand the ethical values of other countries. Choi & Zuzaan (2011) in Journal of Applied Ethics conducted a survey that identified the action and behavior of role models as a principal infl uence on unethical behavior in Mongolia. The result of the survey indicated that 45. 6 percent of the respondents said that unethical practices exist in their industry and 25. percent of the respondents wanted to eliminate cheating customers, dishonesty in making or keeping a contract, miscellaneous unfair competitive practices, and dishonest advertising. Giving of gifts, gratuities, and briberies are very common in Mongolian business practice, but 10. 7 percent of the survey respondents want to eliminate this unethical practice. Most international comparison agencies indicate that Mongolian companies make less effort in instilling ethical practices in their employees than in other Asian firms. However, the majority of managers in Mongolia (60. 8 percent) think their companies make an effort to some extent.The survey results show that nearly half of the companies rely on a code of ethics and do not think that companies put enough effort into building ethical values in their organiza tions. If companies can put more effort into building ethical values in their organizations, they will be more successful in implementing their organization’s ethical values and feel more responsible to local communities. It is not uncommon for business managers to experience conflicts between their personal ethical beliefs and the interest of their companies. Almost half of company managers have experienced this type of conflict in their career.More than half of the managers responded that they would act depending on the situation. One of the main reasons managers make unethical decisions is often related to personal financial needs. As the Mongolian economy continues to develop, this is expected to diminish. Looking to the Future How is today’s level of ethical standards in Mongolia compare to ten years ago? Half of the respondent managers said that it has gotten better. For example, before the 1990’s transition period, it was common for Mongolian children to drop out of school in order to help their parents herd privatized livestock.Helping parents with livestock was given greater importance than education because it helped families accumulate wealth. Conversely, 90 percentof the total populations are high school or university graduates today. The transition resulted in making education more important in society and introducing ethics in school. Hopefully this gradual development will lead to a higher business ethic in society in the long run. Because Mongolia is a developing country, the country will continue to struggle with ethical values in the business field.However, Mongolians have already started to practice codes of ethics and training employees in ethics. Old, Mongolian tradition, the remaining tradition of the Soviet period, and the transitional process influences how Mongolians view their personal and business ethics. As the Mongolian economy grows and progresses, an increase in building ethical value will also come along wit h all the other practices. Conclusion Ethical theories, such as utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, and social contracts can also play into the decision making process. For example, the bribery case in Indonesia can relate to disclosure decision criteria.Think about if those that have been involved in bribery think twice before doing so and ask a question whether this decision will affect image and reputation if it goes public. They may have avoided giving gratification money and would encourage others not to do so. Take another example, what if the nominal managers use the dignity decision criteria? They may not force their employees to work long hours because it would mean treating the employees as a mean to an end in themselves, not just as a means. As discussed above, three different Asian countries presented different ethical issues.Nominal Manager may be a prevalent ethical issue in Japan but it may not be in Mongolia. Gratification giving is very common in Indonesia bu t it may not be in Japan. De George (1997) argued that each economy is a combination of the country’s political system and cultural values. Consequently, ethical justifications differ from country to country. He further gave an example of Confucian values, which include â€Å"co-operation over competition; community over the individual; paternalism over the market; long-term over shortterm interests; harmony over conflict; and loyalty, harmony and respect over their opposites†.These values could appropriately explain the transition in countries that uphold those values and why some countries, especially in Asia, view some ethical issues differently than other countries References Choi, T. , & Zuzaan, B. (2011). Business Ethics in Emerging Markets: Evidence from Mongolia. Ramon Llull Journal of Applied Ethics 1:89-120. De George, R. T. (1997). Ethics, Corruption, and Doing Business in Asia. The Asia Pacific Journal of Economics & Business 1. 1: 39-52, 114. Direktorat Pe nelitian dan Pengembangan. (2011).Integritas Sektor Publik Indonesia Tahun 2010: Fakta Korupsi Dalam Layanan Publik [Public Sector Integrity of Indonesia Year 2012: Corruption Facts in Public Sector]. Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi [Committee of Corruption Eradication]. Health, Labour, and Welfare Ministry of Japan. (n. d. ). Soumusho Hourei Deta Teikyou Shisutemu [Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry of Japan's Legal Data Providing System]. Retrieved 10 18, 2012, from Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry of Japan: http://law. e-gov. go. jp/htmldata/S22/S22HO049. html Mizuno, Y. (2012, 1 10).Roudou Jikan House no Kadai to Kaikaku no Houkousei [The working-hour legal problems and the direction of the restructure]. RIETI Discussion Paper Series, 1-11. Ogura, K. (2009). Kanrishoku no Roudoujikan to Gyoumuryou no Oosa [The Amount of Managers' working-hours and Workload]. Nihon Roudou Kenkyu Zasshi [Japan Labour Research Journal], 73-87. Srinivasan, Vasanthi. (2011). Busine ss Ethics in South and South East Asia. Journal of Business Ethics: 73-81. Yashiro, A. (2009). Naze Nabakari Kanrishoku ga Umareru no ka? [Why nominal managers emerged? ]. Nihon Roudou Kenkyu Zasshi [Japan Labour Research Journal], 38-41.

Strategies for Teaching Writing to Elementary Students

Strategies for Teaching Writing to Elementary Students One of our most important tasks has is to introduce their young students to the written language and how to use it creatively and effectively in order to communicate. Whether you teach primary or upper elementary grades, your administrator is counting on you to teach your students to quantifiably improve in writing this school year. Here are a few effective teaching strategies to try out in your classroom implement a few or try them all. 1. Writing Instruction Doesnt Have To Be Intimidating   For You Or The Students Many educators find teaching writing a real challenge. Sure there are all the rules of grammar and punctuation, but outside of those boundaries, there are as many stories to be told as there are people in the world. How do we corral our students enthusiasm and creative minds so that their writing is coherent, engaging, and purposeful? 2. A Strong Beginning Is Crucial Then Move Onto The Basics Start by teaching your students how to write a strong beginning to their stories. With this skill in hand, your students will then be ready to learn about the importance of word choice and avoiding boring, flat, overused words. 3. More Advanced Descriptive Techniques Dont Have To Be Hard To Teach Even the youngest elementary school students will enjoy trying their hand at tongue twisters. And what do tongue twisters have to do with writing? Well, its an easy way to introduce the concept of alliteration. Achoo! Slam! Kaboom! Not only do children love sound effects, but they come to the classroom with a strong familiarity with this subject. Sound effects add power and imagery to writing, and not to mention its easy to teach students how to appropriately use this skill to kick their writing up a notch. 4. Writing Applications You Might Not Have Considered Obviously, writing enters into all aspects of human life, especially nowadays in the age of the Internet and email. Use a pen pal program to teach your students how to effectively communicate with their peers in letter format. Its an invaluable skill and a dying art. Or, try practice letter-writing and compile weekly parent newsletters all in one fell swoop! Thats another time-saver that practices writing skills at the same time. Another important aspect of language arts is oral communication and listening skills. Through this easy and fun impromptu speeches lesson, your students will write a speech, perform it out loud, and practice listening to each other. 5. A Well-Rounded Writing Curriculum Is Within Your Grasp These real life, classroom-tested  writing lessons  are proven, fun, and easy-to-implement. With practice and diligence, you will watch your students writing soar and improve daily. Edited by  Janelle Cox

Free Essays on Stability and Continuity

The Importance of Stability and Continuity Stability is important, because it helps to predict how an individual criminal behavior will be in the future based on what they have done in the past. Studies have shown that those individuals that have criminal records as adults, had behaviors as toddlers or teenagers that demonstrated that there would be problems in the future. The theory is that the past will predict the future based on how frequent these behavior patterns occurred and if those crimes committed decreased or increase in the seriousness of the crime. However, this becomes a tricky situation, because children are capable of change, but their behavior as children does play a major role in the criminal activities that they engage in as teenagers and adults. If a child is born into a family that has a criminal past are likely to have a criminal past themselves. Many believe this to be the case, because the child grows up within an environment of negative influences and as a result, they know nothing different and don’t have positive influences to encourage them to do better. If these issues of aggression that could and probably will lead to criminal behavior, are addressed at an early age, the better the chances of intervention. With the proper treatment and guidance as children, offenders could be law abiding citizens, instead of offenders. This is why stability is so important, since it is stability that will give the information necessary to determine the likelihood of a child of teenager becoming an offender. It would be these warning signs that would be used to determine the type of intervention to be used to prevent criminal activity. Children are vulnerable, because they aren’t able to make sense of what they are doing as being wrong, if they have seen individuals within their family and outside their family conduct criminal activity. Different issues play major parts in behavior especially when dealing with chil... Free Essays on Stability and Continuity Free Essays on Stability and Continuity The Importance of Stability and Continuity Stability is important, because it helps to predict how an individual criminal behavior will be in the future based on what they have done in the past. Studies have shown that those individuals that have criminal records as adults, had behaviors as toddlers or teenagers that demonstrated that there would be problems in the future. The theory is that the past will predict the future based on how frequent these behavior patterns occurred and if those crimes committed decreased or increase in the seriousness of the crime. However, this becomes a tricky situation, because children are capable of change, but their behavior as children does play a major role in the criminal activities that they engage in as teenagers and adults. If a child is born into a family that has a criminal past are likely to have a criminal past themselves. Many believe this to be the case, because the child grows up within an environment of negative influences and as a result, they know nothing different and don’t have positive influences to encourage them to do better. If these issues of aggression that could and probably will lead to criminal behavior, are addressed at an early age, the better the chances of intervention. With the proper treatment and guidance as children, offenders could be law abiding citizens, instead of offenders. This is why stability is so important, since it is stability that will give the information necessary to determine the likelihood of a child of teenager becoming an offender. It would be these warning signs that would be used to determine the type of intervention to be used to prevent criminal activity. Children are vulnerable, because they aren’t able to make sense of what they are doing as being wrong, if they have seen individuals within their family and outside their family conduct criminal activity. Different issues play major parts in behavior especially when dealing with chil...