Incarceration Of The United States - 1113 Words

The United States of America has more people incarcerated than any other country on earth, a whopping 2,220,300 adults are currently locked behind bars. We have 500,000 more citizens locked up than China, a country 5 times our population run by an authoritarian government. From 1990 - 2000 the prison population increased by 1,000,000. The main reason for incarceration as a punishment in this country is rehabilitation, or so we have been told. In recent years an industry has developed that revolves around high incarceration rates and lengthy sentences, needless to say business is booming. The for-profit prison industry now makes millions off the backs of American inmates their families and every American taxpayer. The two largest†¦show more content†¦For-profit prisons benefit from the strict enforcement of laws and lengthy sentences. These corporations are not interested in rehabilitating inmates they are more concerned with keeping their beds full and making a buck off inma tes and their families. Anything else could be bad for business. This outlook runs counter to what should be a rehabilitative mission of the nation’s criminal justice system. Instead, private prison contracts often require the government to keep the correctional facilities and immigration detention centers full, forcing communities to continuously funnel people into the prison system, even if actual crime rates are falling. Nearly two-thirds of private prison contracts mandate that state and local governments maintain a certain occupancy rate – usually 90 percent – or require taxpayers to pay for empty beds. With all the money these corporations bring in much is spent to influence politics with hefty campaign contributions and corporate lobbying in Washington. All of this is business to them, helping individuals that will push their agenda get into high places politically is just the tip of the iceberg. 28 states now have something called the three strikes or habitual offender laws These laws make it possible to send anyone to prison for life on their third felony charge regardless of the circumstances. They need to make sure convictions rates stay sky high to keep the commodities coming. CCA inmates had time

History of Ballet Essay - 1083 Words

The History of Ballet The first experience of watching a ballet, for me or any little girl, can be fascinating and exhilarating. Wondering how a dancer can be so steady on her toes as she spins in circles and leaps through the air. Watching a ballet, there is a feeling of wanting to be graceful, as well as the warm sensation felt by a little girl as she slips into dream land. My mom had taken me to my first ballet when I was 11 years old. When we returned home home, she signed me up for classes at the local dance center. The expectations to become a prima ballerina would involve much hard work and concentration. I knew when I started it would take years of steady practice and commitment. Learning the history of ballet and the famous†¦show more content†¦The repertoire includes such classics as Tchaikovsky‘s quot;Eugene Oneginquot; and quot;Swan Lakequot; and works by Mozart, Verdi and Rossini. Other popular productions are Massenet‘s ballet quot;Manonquot; and the operas quot;Don Juan quot; by Mozart, quot;War and Peacequot; by Prokofiev and Wagner‘s quot;Das Rheingoldquot;. The latest productions are Tchaikovsky‘s quot;The Nutcrackerquot; Puccini‘s quot;La Bohemequot; and Verdi‘s quot;Macbethquot;. The most famous Russian ballet companies are; Tatchkine, St. Petersburg, Bolshoi companies just to name a few of the most famous. The history of ballet dates back to the 18th century starting with Baroque dance. Fabritio Caroso da Sermoneta was a famous Italian Renaissance dancing master. He was born around 1526-1535 and died around 1605-1620. His dance manual quot;Ballarinoquot; was published in 1581, with a subsequent edition, significantly different, Nobiltà   de dame, printed in 1600 and again after his death in 1630. In the 19th century there was the pre-romantic, romantic and the classical ballets. Anthony Tudor deserves an honorable mention for his choreography and teaching. Pre-romantic ballet occurred sometime circa up to 1831. The romantic period covered the early to mid 1800s. This era also introduced the calf-length dress. A few of the great Romantic dancers were Marie Taglioni, Fanny Elssler and Carlotta Grisi. The tequnique became more developed, but the roleShow MoreRelatedHistory of Ballet Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesBallet is one of the most beautiful, graceful dances known to the dancing world. From the tutu to the pointe shoes the need to see the expression of the steps given. Being able to see how the illusion of a flying princess is one of the most mysteries that come with a ballet show. The history of Ballet has evolved into one of the most well-known type of dances in the world this is from only the men having roles in the ballet to women being able to express emotion. History Then: Ballet started inRead MoreLHistoire de La Danse Classique/History of Ballet2227 Words   |  9 PagesHistory of Ballet Ballet is a formalized form of dance with its origins in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th and 16th centuries. It quickly spread to the French court of Catherine de Medici where it was developed even further. In the 17th century at the time of Louis XIV, ballet was codified. The predominance of French in the vocabulary of ballet reflects this history. It also became a form closely associated with the opera. Ballet then spread from the heart of Europe to other nationsRead MoreThe Russian Dance And Ballet1655 Words   |  7 Pages The history of Russian dance and ballet is extraordinarily complex. The Russians have always enjoyed dance; they were dancing for entertainment and ritual before they were even introduced to Christianity. However, the start of their most culturally significant form of dance, ballet, did not start until 1675 in a small town near Moscow (The Great History 11). Since its humble beginnings, ballet’s evolution in Russia has exploded. Most notably , its growth can be seen through two world famous theaters:Read MoreThe Identity Of Capoeira And Ballet Dance1097 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay sets out to show how the identity of capoeira and ballet dance has been encompassed within multiple different countries. The historical themes of globalisation and adaptation will prove to deepen ones understanding into the history of ballet and capoeira dance. Through the classification of Ballet and Capoeira dance the cultural traditions of the dance styles will be projected. Haskell explains the significance of the word ‘classical’, â€Å"it implies a set of rules that are rigid, that haveRead MoreThe Birth And Evolution Of Ballet1691 Words   |  7 PagesCavazzi Dance 64 - History of Dance 22 Aug 2014 The Evolution of Ballet The birth and evolution of ballet is indeed a fascinating study. Since its early origins in fifteenth century Italian court, ballet has undergone a succession of changes and been influenced by gifted artists and choreographers alike, whose unique styles and innovative techniques left their indelible mark on the classic art form. Beginning with the Renaissance and continuing through the Romantic Era, ballet evolved as each politicalRead MoreThe Baroque Of Baroque Dance962 Words   |  4 Pagesevolution of ballet. There are many influences that are part of the process, such as the why baroque was created and the purpose that baroque dancing served in cultural context. There was an important shift in history that engaged people to want to move and it is an important subject to be studied. Baroque dance was quite different from the social dancing we experience today. There are different layers to baroque dance and different contributors that created a historical permanence in the ballet genre weRead MoreThe Opening Of The Imperial Ballet School1500 Words   |  6 PagesAfter the Romantic-era ballet had died out in Paris and Russia became the new focus. In 1738, the opening of the Imperial Ballet School in St. Petersburg attracted many great dancers and choreographers such as Marie Taglioni. This school was controlled by an aristocrat named Czar. The most well known 19th century choreographer, Marius Petipa, became the ballet master of the entire school, shaping imperial and classical ballet. Ideas such as increased focus on technique, formulaic choreographyRead MoreCompare and Contrast Chinese Classical Dance and European Classical Ballet.932 Words   |  4 Pagesdance and European Classical ballet. Introduction: The main topic of my research paper is comparing and contrasting the difference between Chinese Classical dance and European Classical ballet. The questions I will develop in the paper included as follows. The first one is the difference of movement between Chinese classical dance and European Classical ballet. The second one is the difference of performance between Chinese classical dance and European Classical ballet. The third one is the differenceRead MoreThe History of Dance in Canada Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagesis the grace, artistry, and classicality and precision that distinguishes ballet from other dance styles. People have danced for many different reasons such a religious, entertainment, tribal rituals, exercise or to simply to express something that cannot find voice in words. For as long as people inhabited Canada, there has been dance and it has subsequently played a role throughout Canadian history. In Canada dance history began with indigenous dance of First Nations Peoples, but with the arrivalRead MoreWhat Is The Significance Of The Swan Lake Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesTchaikovsky’s masterpiece in Swan Lake is easily one of the most famous ballets created but was it always that way? In fact, when first performed Swan Lake was unsuccessful and called â€Å"uninspiring and unoriginal† (Thought.co). This came as a shock to me; how could such a highly regarded classical masterpiece today be called uninspired? The ballet has come very far in its lifetime. It was originally mocked and now it has influenced ballet, music, and literature. It is difficult to understand how Swan

Communication - Language and Literacy for Childhood -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCommunication, Language and Literacy for Early Childhood. Answer: Introduction Young children are more like learning sponges and early child education deals around honing and molding a child, eventually shaping their fruitful future. Several researchers have been debating over the past regarding the literacy development of the children by including critical literacy in their developmental programs. Many of them even argued on the types of educational programs which are eligible for simple education and care. However, the major concern of the present days educational system should ensure that the teaching must be of high quality (Ahmad Esa, 2017). This acts as a major investment for the childs lifelong journey. The essay examines what critical literacy actually means and throws light on the controversy or debate about the inclusion of popular culture in early childhood education. It highlights the theoretical perspectives as well as approaches of critical literacys inclusion in the play based education and its impact on the childrens development. Moreover, the essay presents several critical arguments for and against the inclusion of critical literacy, made by authors and also its implications for diverse learners. In addition to this, it also discusses how critical literacy can be integrated in order to facilitate optimal language learning through the play based approaches. Discussion Children are given early education for improving their knowledge and skills at the younger age. Early childhood education contributes a lot to the overall growth and development of younger childrens personality. It has been observed that children learn the most at their young age. They try to adopt new behavior, experiences or words, which come their way. Educators and parents need to have a clear idea of how their children are developing, socializing and also how they are behaving with the elder ones. Moreover, the educators must research on the specific beneficiary factors like early educational programs, for the overall development of the kids (Baquedano Lpez, Alexander Hernandez, 2013). However, various researchers have claimed that including critical literatures in a play based approach helps the children to learn important things at the earliest stage. On the contrary, some said that including those may affect the childrens development, which in turn, will impact their learning procedure. This is a never ending debate and raised a controversy in many parts of the world. Engaging kids and making them learn through play based approach, has been a very common factor practiced my many pre schools (Bredekamp, 2016). This segment of the essay discusses about various factors, which surrounds the topic of critical literacys inclusion. Inclusion of Critical Literacy (For or Against) Critical literacy has its roots deeply embedded into the soil of critical theory. The term critical literacy mainly emphasizes on the belief that there is a measurable part of asymmetrical power relations and injustice in the society, and moreover, the situation is highly indefensible. It places literacy and language as central in the continuation and creation of the power relations. Critical literacy mainly recognizes the meanings that children create within the social context. This also includes the stereotypical understanding and knowledge. According to Baquedano Lpez, Alexander Hernandez (2013), in present educational settings, educators have been emphasizing on critical literacys inclusion into the Australian school curriculum. This is having a flow on influence over the early education curriculum as well as the practices there. Brooks Gunn, Berlin Fuligni (2013) examined that there are some kinds of critical literacy practices which can be included into the early childhood education. Young children need to be encouraged and motivated to consider themselves and engross into the texts of popular media, fairy tales and others. Bruce (2012) suggests that traditional fairy tales like Cinderella invites children into conversations regarding gender roles, which represents how females and males are positioned within the society. Critical literacy also gives an overview of the stereotypical society and gender roles, which are included in the childrens book. Educators emphasize by teaching them good values through implementation of critical literatures for their overall development. On the contrary, Calderon (2012) argued that inclusion of critical literacy into the childrens book questions simple education and brings in critical thoughts into their minds. Even at times, educators re-construct the phrases and rhymes given in the childrens textbooks. This in turn, invites deconstruction of the meanings, marring the education approach and perspectives, involving problems, which can even impact the young childrens minds. Moreover, critical literatures can affect the childrens minds in a negative manner. Campbell et al. (2012) mentioned that at times, children even interpret the in-depth meanings in their own way. Educators and teachers need to research on their teaching ways, in order to check that the children are learning the right thing. Moreover, teachers should support the children to explore various societal roles as well as characters that are represented in the texts. Duhn (2012) suggests that the children must be allowed to ask questions and clear their doubts, in order to learn the correct thing. In addition to this, they must be encouraged to negotiate or question on the basis of their assumptions regarding the textbook characters. According to Egan (2012), introducing the critical literacy experiences which vary from the norms can however, challenge the childrens current expectations or understandings regarding those texts. He further mentioned that for toddlers and infants, inclusion of the practices related to critical literacy can place a child into direct conflict with his/her gender expectations or parents beliefs. Implications over Diverse Learners In the recent years, schools have been emphasizing on the inclusion of critical literacy into the school curriculum. All the children are embedded into their social world and are continually exposed to significant influence over the multiple texts and world views. However, the messages which are constructed within the texts might not necessarily reflect the childrens experiences or the way they are seeing the world. The case is mainly common for the children belonging to the minority groups. Essa (2012) suggests that from infancy, kids are actually immersed into the texts of popular culture. Their understandings regarding good versus evil, gender, social power and others are highly affected by these texts of critical literatures. According to Gordon Browne (2013), educators view critical literacy as a specific way of engaging as well as understanding the culturally relevant pedagogy in the English classrooms. The culturally relevant pedagogy refers to the understanding of how the individuals are expected to learn about different cultures. However, educators need to gain knowledge regarding the cultures that are represented within the classrooms and then they must translate those into instructional practices. John Sons (2014) examined three particular principles of relevant teachings regarding culture. Firstly, the children must be given chance to experience academic success as well as intellectual growth. This can be done by helping them engage into activities which require them to solve and pose high order problems. Secondly, the kids must be given trainings regarding the development of cultural competencies as a mode of learning. They should view their cultures and identities as strengths. Thirdly, the kids must be motivated to develop critical and socio political consciousness, which allows them to critique the cultural institutions, values and norms that maintain and produce social inequities. The principles of the culturally relevant pedagogy are considered to be a bit complicated within the classrooms, where the educators cannot implement diversified ideas and struggle while incorporating those into the classrooms. Leu et al. (2014) gave several examples regarding incorporation of critical literacy for raising social consciousness among the children. He suggested that the young children should be given various opportunities of constructing and exploring knowledge. Teachers and educators who engage themselves into critical literacy create various opportunities and experiences for the students. They assist the children in actively constructing knowledge that is a problem posing methodology. However, Mallalieu, Palan Laczniak (2015) suggested that the classrooms are spaces, where the kids are allowed to interrogate regarding social conditions, via dialogues about several issues similar to their own lives. Moreover, he examined that knowledge emerges through invention or re-invention, through impatient, restless, continuing and hopeful inquiry, the human beings pursue all across the world. In addition to this statement, he said that for the kids to experience great academic success, the learning must have relevance with their experiences and lives. Integration of Critical Literacy for facilitating optimal language learning The inclusion or integration of the critical literacy in order to facilitate optimal language learning is certainly feasible, when it comes to developing critical responses of social changes. However, there are a variety of ways by which this element of critical learning can be easily incorporated or integrated within the early childhood practices. For facilitating optimal language learning, young children should be actively involved in various forms of civil actions. This can be done by negotiating the changes within the early childhood settings. Another way of introducing critical language learning is by encouraging the children to challenge on the ideologies that are presented within their textbooks (John Sons 2014). This can prove to be a transformative action plan, which will place the children in the situation of actively asking questions regarding their own lives as well as others. However, the vision of societal change is regarded as a fundamental factor of critical literacy, which raises some reasonable viewpoints and ethical considerations, while working with the younger children. In simpler terms, it is immensely important to take into consideration the positions which young children hold within the society. Children and toddlers are too much dependent on their families, not just for physical support but also for the sense of identity as well as security. Duhn (2012) explained that younger children are too much vulnerable to the power which every adult possesses and this factor can affect their self identity, intentions, actions, behavior, beliefs and understandings. Conclusion To conclude, along with critical literacy, educators are also emphasizing on the incorporation of socio cultural theory in the early childhood educational setting. However, this developmental approach has resulted into childrens learning regarding diversified culture, family, values, stereotypical thoughts which persists in the society and so on. The critical literacy requires the educators as well as teachers to gain an in-depth understanding regarding the validity and existence of diversity within the society. There has been an increasing importance over socially constructed and authentic learning among the children. The report focuses on the incorporation of critical learning within the early childhood education and its impact on the younger children. A closer examination reveals that majority of the educational centers have been emphasizing upon the importance of critical learning in early educational system. Moreover, many scholars and researchers have argued that critical learning has contributed a lot into the development of the childrens awareness regarding inequality and diversity. However, some scholars have given their opinion against critical learning. They felt that critical learning may hamper the kids learning procedure and it will mar the educational system. Therefore, this is a never ending debate; however, the thing that only matters is how the educators are incorporating it. References Ahmad, N. F., Esa, A. (2017). Early childhood education.Psychology, 47787-47789. Baquedano Lpez, P., Alexander, R. A., Hernandez, S. J. (2013). Equity issues in parental and community involvement in schools: What teacher educators need to know.Review of Research in Education,37(1), 149-182. Bredekamp, S. (2016).Effective practices in early childhood education: Building a foundation. Boston: Pearson. Brooks Gunn, J., Berlin, L. J., Fuligni, A. S. (2013). Early childhood intervention programs: What about the family?. Bruce, T. (2012).Early childhood education. Hachette UK. Calderon, R. (2012). Parental involvement in deaf children's education programs as a predictor of child's language, early reading, and social-emotional development.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education,5(2), 140-155. Campbell, F. A., Pungello, E. P., Burchinal, M., Kainz, K., Pan, Y., Wasik, B. H., ... Ramey, C. T. (2012). Adult outcomes as a function of an early childhood educational program: an Abecedarian Project follow-up.Developmental psychology,48(4), 1033. Duhn, I. (2012). Making placefor ecological sustainability in early childhood education.Environmental Education Research,18(1), 19-29. Egan, K. (2012).Primary understanding: Education in early childhood(Vol. 27). Routledge. Essa, E. L. (2012).Introduction to early childhood education. Cengage Learning. Gordon, A. M., Browne, K. W. (2013).Beginnings beyond: Foundations in early childhood education. Cengage learning. John, W., Sons, (2014). Reproduction and Communication for educational purposes. In 2014, National Library of Australia, (pp. 97-125) Leu, D. J., Kinzer, C. K., Coiro, J. L., Cammack, D. W. (2014).Toward a theory of new literacies emerging from the internet and other information and communication technologies Mallalieu, L., Palan, K. M., Laczniak, R. N. (2015). Understanding children's knowledge and beliefs about advertising: A global issue that spans generations. Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 27(1), 5364.

White Teeth Novel by Zadie Smith

White teeth address the aspect of human psyche through the encounters of unassimilated immigrants in a humorous manner. The novel addresses some aspects of genetic engineering that relates to interaction between various cultures, which results to diversity, health as well as strength. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on White Teeth Novel by Zadie Smith specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, in London, prejudice is manifest and has ruined all this, making assimilation almost impossible since the immigrant’s histories keeps on haunting them. However, this hybridization seems vital for human since genetic variation enhances survival, but like genetic engineering, it could be manipulated to meet selfish needs (Smith 283). The role of the flashback at the end of the novel further depicts humor and the immigrants’ dilemma in the new social setup. The British cultures are contrasted in a satirical way. Arc hie Jones is a man forty seven years of age, who contemplate on the mentorship he continues to have from Samad. The two were together in the army and are immigrants to Britain following the Second World War. Archie becomes aware that in fact, he has entirely relied on Samad for decision making in his entire life. This is when he realizes the identity of a former scientist named Dr. Marc-Pierre Perret, a Nazi physician since the Second World War. Archie and Samad were in the army, being against one enemy. Samad was not aware that Archie did not shoot the German doctor as seen from the flashback. The doctor is now the leading scientist of the mouse project as Marcus. Archie observe that Millat is gazing at him, and instead sees the aged scientist shedding bloody tears. Millat could have shot the scientist to end the human pride once and for all but he instead shoots Archie’s thigh. Samad now realizes that Dr. Perret is instead, Dr.Sick and becomes aware that the foundation o f their friendship with Archie is not real. From the flashback to WWII, Archie guides Dr. Perret in the dark to shoot him although he is nervous and dislikes the act. As a result, Dr. Perret utilizes the chance to he drift Archie’s attention to the moral predicament he is in, on whether to remain loyal to his nation as well as Samad or to respect the person’s right to life irrespective of his conduct which might change. Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Archie realizes the coin he has in his pocket and tosses it to determine the fate of the doctor where the head would symbolize his murder while the tail his survival. As he place the gun down to flip the coin over his shoulder and on bending to get it, he is shot by Dr. Perret on his thigh. He reaches for his gun as he criticizes Dr. Perret’s actions, which he terms as unnecessary since the coin was alrea dy a tail. Following the flashback, Archie is shot by Millat as he falls and damages the mouse’s cage to release the mouse (Smith 289). The flashback helps to emphasize on the idea of heredity. During the conference the attendants are supposed to pay recognition to a scientist who could control the destiny of the mouse. This helps us to understand that immigrants are out of control of their own destiny or identity. Coincidence is brought up in the flashback as individual’s actions as well as emotions are emphasized while in the conference room. Dr. Perret changes drastically from being a Nazi conspirator to a kind pioneer. This offers optimism that even the immigrants, like the mouse, will once overcome their suppressors. The doomed subject can change their destiny through self realization and re-invention. Similar to a mouse, the socially depraved Dr. Perret could change his fate by becoming benevolent. Likewise, indecisive Archie could become impetuous by revealin g freedom at the right time, as he liberates the mouse out of the cage and becomes a hero. The flashback depicts the immigrants who keeps on being haunted by their past. This explains their current actions and experiences in pursuit of ethnic identity following colonization. Archie’s dilemma on whether to kill Dr. Perret is conflict on whether to become assimilated, preserve the culture or whether to underscore the value of human relationship due to ethnic differences.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on White Teeth Novel by Zadie Smith specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Work Cited Smith, Zadie. White teeth: a novel. New York: Random House Inc., 2000. Print. This essay on White Teeth Novel by Zadie Smith was written and submitted by user Ronan Allison to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

44 Landlocked Countries That Dont Touch an Ocean

44 Landlocked Countries That Don't Touch an Ocean Approximately one-fifth of the worlds countries are landlocked, meaning they have no access to the oceans. There are 44 landlocked countries that do not have direct access to an ocean or ocean-accessible sea (such as the Mediterranean Sea). Why Is Being Landlocked an Issue? While a country such as Switzerland has thrived despite its lack of access to the worlds oceans, being landlocked has many disadvantages. Some landlocked countries rank among the poorest in the world. Some of the issues of being landlocked include: Lack of access to fishing and oceanic food sourcesHigh transportation and transit costs because of a lack of access to ports and world shipping operationsGeopolitical vulnerabilities from dependence on neighboring countries for access to world markets and natural resourcesMilitary limitations because of the lack of naval options What Continents Have No Landlocked-Countries? North America has no landlocked countries, and Australia is rather obviously not landlocked. Within the United States, over half of the 50 states are landlocked with no direct access to the worlds oceans. Many states, however, do have water access to the oceans via the Hudson Bay, Chesapeake Bay, or Mississippi River. Landlocked Countries in South America South America has just two landlocked countries: Bolivia and Paraguay. Landlocked Countries in Europe Europe has 14 landlocked countries: Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, and Vatican City. Landlocked Countries in Africa Africa has 16 landlocked countries: Botswana, Burundi, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Rwanda, South Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Lesotho is unusual in that it is landlocked by just one country (South Africa). Landlocked Countries in Asia Asia has 12 landlocked countries: Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Laos, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Note that several of the countries in western Asia border the landlocked Caspian Sea, a feature that does open some transit and trade opportunities. Disputed Regions that Are Landlocked Four regions that are not fully recognized as independent countries are landlocked: Kosovo, Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia, and Transnistria. What Are the Two Doubly-Landlocked Countries? There are two, special, landlocked countries that are known as doubly-landlocked countries, completely surrounded by other landlocked countries. The two doubly-landlocked countries are Uzbekistan (surrounded by Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan) and Liechtenstein (surrounded by Austria and Switzerland). What Is the Largest Landlocked Country? Kazakhstan is the worlds ninth largest country but is the worlds largest landlocked country. Its 1.03 million square miles (2.67 million km2) and is bordered by Russia, China, the Kyrgyz Republic, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and the landlocked Caspian Sea. What Are the Most Recently Added Landlocked Countries? The most recent addition to the list of landlocked countries is South Sudan which gained independence in 2011. Serbia is also a recent addition to the list of landlocked countries. The country formerly had access to the Adriatic Sea, but when Montenegro became an independent country in 2006, Serbia lost its ocean access. Edited by Allen Grove.

Nutritional Advice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nutritional Advice - Essay Example BMI cannot be used for people with a high percentage of muscle mass. This implies that in order to stay healthy, the athlete can increase his or her weight above the normal BMI range provided that the mass that is gained come mostly from muscle gain instead of fat. Given all these, it can be easily deduced that the principle behind the athlete's nutrition program would be to prevent muscle wasting from intensive cardiovascular physical activity by providing energy sources that would spare the muscles, the body's protein from being utilized for energy; and to provide just enough energy for the body to build muscles without gaining much fat. Such is not as easy as it sounds. In order to be successful in gaining muscles, all the three energy sources must be critically controlled: Carbohydrate intake must be controlled only to the extent that all can be utilized for energy and not converted to fat; protein intake must only be limited to the needs of the body to prevent fat synthesis as well as body system complications that might arise (e.g. kidney failure); fat intake must be limited only to the needs of the body but not so much as to affect its other functions such as the synthesis of other body components (e.g. cholesterol and hormones) and the solution of the fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E and K (Whitney, Cataldo, et. al. 92-196).

Compare and contrast the basic principles of dilution and local Essay

Compare and contrast the basic principles of dilution and local exhaust ventilation. Discuss at least five items for each and the elemtns for each system - Essay Example These contaminants may pass through an air cleaner before emission into the environment. Both of the systems require make up air so as to replace that which is exhausted, failure to which would lead to a decline in the room pressures. Both systems employ fans, which create a pressure difference allowing the flow of air along with its constituents, such as contaminants, into the exhaust system (Nims, 1999). Several differences exist between the two systems. To begin with, the local exhaust ventilation is characterized by the presence of a hood (inlet). The dilution ventilation lacks a hood. The hood is placed next to the source of emission; therefore, enabling the removal of virtually all sorts of contaminants by the local exhaust ventilation. In this respect, the local exhaust ventilation is best suited and perhaps the only choice for extremely flammable and highly toxic air borne contaminants. Only small amounts of air are exhausted by the local exhaust ventilation compared to the dilution ventilation. This means that dilution ventilation will require greater amounts of cooled or heated make up air than the local exhaust ventilation (Nims, 1999). The basic local exhaust of ventilation is comprised of the hood, ducts, cleaner, fan and exhaust stacks (Nims, 1999). The hood is placed near the source of emission of the contaminants. The ducts carry the contaminant in the local exhaust system. They should have minimal resistance for efficiency. Smooth and round ducts are ideal, and the flow rates in them should not be excessive as this will creates abrasion and noise. Air cleaners eliminate the contaminants before exhausting the air. State or federal regulations dictate the type of air cleaner to be employed. Fans are regarded to as the workhorses in the exhaust ventilation system. They provide pressure differences to suction the contaminants throughout the system and into the outdoor environment. The